Opiate withdrawal scales were developed to examine the patient’s physical dependence and physiological readiness prior to methadone or buprenorphine induction, and to compare treatments for withdrawal (Wesson and Ling, 2003). The Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS; Wesson and Ling, 2003) is a common measure used to assess withdrawal in clinical trials and practice, and consists of 11 observed (clinician-rated) and subjective (patient-rated) items. The COWS has been used to assess withdrawal in buprenorphine/naloxone vs. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)

No abstract available (Source: Journal of Addictions Nursing)

Diversion and abuse of the medications used in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) methadone (MET), mono-buprenorphine (BUP) and buprenorphine-naloxone (BNX) have been documented in countries around the world, for example in France (Auriacombe, Fatseas, Dubernet, Daulouede, & Tignol, 2004; Nordmann et al., 2012; Obadia, Perrin, Feroni, Vlahov, & Moatti, 2001; Roux et al., 2008a; Roux et al., 2008b; Vidal-Trecan, Varescon, Nabet, & Boissonnas, 2003), Australia (Aitken, Higgs, & Hellard, 2008; Degenhardt et al., 2009; Horyniak, Dietze, Larance, Winstock, & Degenhardt, 2011; Jenkinson, Clark, Fry, & Dobbin, 2005; Larance et al., 2011a; Winstock & Lea, 2010), USA (Bazazi, Yokell, Fu, Rich, & Zaller, 2011; Cicero, Surratt, & Inciardi, 2007; Dasgupta et al., 2010; Johanson, Arfken, di Menza, & Sc…

Diversion and abuse of the medications used in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) methadone (MET), mono-buprenorphine (BUP) and buprenorphine-naloxone (BNX) have been documented in countries around the world, for example in France (Auriacombe, Fatseas, Dubernet, Daulouede, & Tignol, 2004; Nordmann et al., 2012; Obadia, Perrin, Feroni, Vlahov, & Moatti, 2001; Roux et al., 2008a; Roux et al., 2008b; Vidal-Trecan, Varescon, Nabet, & Boissonnas, 2003), Australia (Aitken, Higgs, & Hellard, 2008; Degenhardt et al., 2009; Horyniak, Dietze, Larance, Winstock, & Degenhardt, 2011; Jenkinson, Clark, Fry, & Dobbin, 2005; Larance et al., 2011a; Winstock & Lea, 2010), USA (Bazazi, Yokell, Fu, Rich, & Zaller, 2011; Cicero, Surratt, & Inciardi, 2007; Dasgupta et al., 2010; Johanson, Arfken, di Menza, & Sc…

Authors: Sullivan JG, Webster L
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide a preliminary assessment of the safety, tolerability, symptom control, and acceptability of buprenorphine-naloxone buccal film (BBN) for the maintenance treatment of opioid dependence in patients converted from buprenorphine-naloxone sublingual tablet or film (SLBN), as well as to determine the conversion ratio for switching patients from SLBN to BBN.
METHODS: This open-label study included adult opioid-dependent subjects stabilized on 8/2 to 32/8 mg/d of SLBN for a minimum of 30 days. Study subjects were converted to a bioequivalent dose of BBN and maintained for 12 weeks.
FINDINGS: A total of 249 subjects (mean age 38.7 years, 65.9% male) were converted from SLBN to a single daily d…

Authors: Sullivan JG, Webster L
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide a preliminary assessment of the safety, tolerability, symptom control, and acceptability of buprenorphine-naloxone buccal film (BBN) for the maintenance treatment of opioid dependence in patients converted from buprenorphine-naloxone sublingual tablet or film (SLBN), as well as to determine the conversion ratio for switching patients from SLBN to BBN.
METHODS: This open-label study included adult opioid-dependent subjects stabilized on 8/2 to 32/8 mg/d of SLBN for a minimum of 30 days. Study subjects were converted to a bioequivalent dose of BBN and maintained for 12 weeks.
FINDINGS: A total of 249 subjects (mean age 38.7 years, 65.9% male) were converted from SLBN to a single daily d…

(Source: RxList – New and Updated Drug Monographs)

(Source: RxList – New and Updated Drug Monographs)

 
2.5 out of 5 stars
Abuse of Medications That Theoretically Are Without Abuse Potential. Reeves RR et al. South Med J 2015 Mar;108:151-157.
Abstract
This review of noncontrolled prescription and over-the-counter drugs that can be and have been abused for non-medical or recreational purposes is rather sketchy and anecdotal (as the authors admit,) but nevertheless contains some useful information.
Classes of drugs discussed include:

Cold & Cough products: pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, oxymetazoline, dextromethorphan
Anticholinergics: diphenhydramine, benztropine, trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
Antipsychotics: quetiapine, olanzapine
Antidepressants: tricyclics, bupropion, fluoxetine, venlafaxine
Anitconvulsants: pregabalin, gabapentin
Muscle relaxants: carisoprodol, cyclobenaprine (Flexer…

 
2.5 out of 5 stars
Abuse of Medications That Theoretically Are Without Abuse Potential. Reeves RR et al. South Med J 2015 Mar;108:151-157.
Abstract
This review of noncontrolled prescription and over-the-counter drugs that can be and have been abused for non-medical or recreational purposes is rather sketchy and anecdotal (as the authors admit,) but nevertheless contains some useful information.
Classes of drugs discussed include:

Cold & Cough products: pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, oxymetazoline, dextromethorphan
Anticholinergics: diphenhydramine, benztropine, trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
Antipsychotics: quetiapine, olanzapine
Antidepressants: tricyclics, bupropion, fluoxetine, venlafaxine
Anitconvulsants: pregabalin, gabapentin
Muscle relaxants: carisoprodol, cyclobenaprine (Flexer…